Thursday, July 23, 2015

Chicanonautica: Could This Be Chicanonautic Art?




Oh yeah, I'm also an artist. Our specialist culture doesn't like you to be more than one thing. It's just too rasquashe. I can't help it; like writing, like drawing, it's what I do.

When I wrote Chicanonautica Manifesto – that will soon be published in Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano StudiesI was thinking about literature, but since Chicano is all about attitude, it can also be applied to all kinds of art. Damn the borders, full speed ahead!

Which brings me to those three drawings of mine that were in Josh Ríos and Anthony Romero's Please Don't Bury Me Alive, Part Two show, in Sector 2337 in Chicago. They all sold. Now I'm really feeling like some kind of big chingón artist!

Could this be the Chicano Art I was talking about? Or maybe Chicanonautic Art?

Damn the labels, full speed ahead!


The full title of this one is Videodoo: An Altered State of the Union. It's also labeled A Quetzalcoatlist Anti-Propaganda Production. Très Chicano, non? Très political, too. I drew it back in 1983, and the conflicts that inspired it are still going on – I keep expecting them to go away, but they don't. Does anybody these days recognize the caricature of Ronald Reagan?


Serpent-Head Spaceships is a Chicanoid injection of pre-Columbian imagery into sci-fi, providing an alternative to the all-white, middle class vision of the future that had dominated the popular imagination until very recently. Looks like an attempt at cultural subversion. Or could it be gonzo archeology/anthropology?


Inner Space Man is a humanoid stripped down to a monstrous essence. Naked Raza Cosmica? Since Chicano is a science fiction state of being, are we all Chicanonauts under the skin? Dare we peel it back and see?

And they all sold. A long way from the days when people would look at my art, then ask if I had ever shown it to a psychiatrist.

Has the world finally caught up with my radical aesthetics? Can I turn my stacks of battered sketchbooks into a money machine? Should I sell fine art originals, or go the Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction route? Or both?

To be continued . . .

Ernest Hogan has a bad habit of assembling his knowledge and experience into disturbing art and writing. Giving him money for it only encourages him.

Wednesday, July 22, 2015

Macondo Workshop 2015




Originating at the kitchen table of poet and writer Sandra Cisneros in 1995, the Macondo Workshop focused on bringing together a community of poets, novelists, journalists, performance artists, and creative writers of all genres whose work is socially engaged. In 2012, Cisneros handed over the workshop to the Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center after she decided to relocate to San Miguel de Allsende, Mexico.

This year, the Macondo Workshop will take place from July 22-26, 2015 at the Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center in San Antonio and include two nights (Friday & Saturday, July 24 & 25) where the community is invited to enjoy readings by acclaimed writers, including Richard Blanco.

“We’re very proud to be continuing the rich tradition of Macondo, which is really a gem of the local and national Latino literary scene,” said Guadalupe executive director Jerry Ruiz. “It’s a great opportunity for that literary community to gather, hone their craft together and share their work with each other. It’s important for our writers to have access to that kind of network to develop and advocate for their writing.”

Since its initial founding 20 years ago, the list of Macondistas has grown and members are dedicated more than ever in working toward community-building and non-violent social change through their writing. Through a major gift to the Guadalupe late last year from Sandra Cisneros and the Alfredo Cisneros de Moral Foundation, the Macondo Workshop is laying a new foundation for the longevity of the program at the Guadalupe.

On Friday, July 24 at 7:00 pm, the community is welcome to the Guadalupe Theater to listen to readings from a host of Macondo writers. In the past, attendees have been treated to the readings of Macondistas including Cisneros, Julia Alvarez, and Luis Rodriguez. Free public event.

On Saturday, July 25 at 7:00 pm, poet and civil engineer Richard Blanco, who was named by President Obama as the fifth inaugural poet in 2013, will read excerpts from his published works and participate in a book signing. Blanco’s printed collections of poetry include City of a Hundred Fires, Directions to the Beach of the Dead, and Looking for the Gulf Motel.
Tickets can be purchased on this link,

Tuesday, July 21, 2015

La Comida. First Chicano Bukowski Poem in History. First Issue. On-line Floricanto.

My Gramma's Molcahete
Michael Sedano


My grandmother's molcajete and her piedra from Michoacán.
They sit on a slab of raw lava from the Mojave desert.

A Facebook friend shared a video from Azteca Michoacán of a man sculpting blocks of hard basaltic lava into tripod-footed stone bowls. Hammering relentlessly but skillfully each conforms to a design he finds in the rock. He's been practicing the art since an early age, learning from his father. His molcajetes stack uniformly, clones of a master form in his mind. This is the most culturally interesting and satisfying demonstration video I've seen in a long, long time. What a gem!




UN INSTRUMENTO ANCESTRAL QUE AÚN ESTÁ VIGENTE EN MUCHOS HOGARES
Posted by Azteca Michoacán on Friday, July 17, 2015

Family legend holds that when a girl in Michoacán became a señorita she fashioned her own molcajete in preparation for the time when she would leave her mother’s side and take on the responsibility of making the chile in her own casita. Gramma's molcajete is uniquely not mass produced. My grandmother’s molcajete might be the last in an ancient line of home-made molcajetes.

Stubby nubs for the tripod, my grandmother’s 19th century molcajete sits squat and shallow, one deep chip along two inches of interior rim serves as a pouring spout. Perhaps an error, perhaps a strategic blow one long-ago instant, quien sabe? Small and light enough to hold in one hand, my gramma’s molcajete is the right size and weight to pack away and carry on a long journey that started at a place, she used to tell tiny me, with butterfly nets.

I jumped with joy every time my mother told me she was taking me to visit her abuelita in San Bernardino. When we visited at the tortilleria where little gramma worked, I got a big plate of guisado or caldo and a hot fresh thick tortilla de maíz. When we visited abuelita’s upstairs room at Aunt Lucy’s house, smoke from the chiles she roasted choked me and I fled outside. Chile was all she ate, and a tortilla that she dipped into her molcajete with its deep, red chile. I never learned to make that and I don’t know who got her molcajete after she passed to the other side.


Here is the piedra and molcajete my grandmother owned since she was a young woman in Michoacan in the latter 19th century. The metate it rests on is a grinding surface Indians carried to use when they didn't have pot-holes to grind acorns.

My paternal grandmother used to herd sheep in what had been the back country of Redlands, where my family found the metate. Gramma knew the spot in that canyon, but didn't recognize the metate, nor have a story about these objects, so it comes from long before her time.

A Day Without Chile is Like A Day Without Sunshine

My grandmother’s, and mother’s, molcajete chile I remember well. Encimoso, I observed gramma closely. I was young enough that my tías let me watch when they made their versions of my gramma’s chile. My mom answered my questions but didn’t teach me so I learned her technique from observation.

Ingredients are what the garden produced today, and how big your molcajete is. Three or four small tomatoes, 3 or 4 garlic cloves, a small onion, 4 or 5 fresh chilies: huero, serrano, jalapeño, pico de pajaro, japones; what have you. A squeeze of lemon. At the end, crush some raw chile piquin and add to taste to enhance the picoso, if needed.

Put the chiles, garlic, onion and tomatoes on a hot frying pan or the open flame. Shake or turn frequently so they blacken all over not just in one spot. When opaque paper-thin skin begins to steam loose from the whole fruits all over, put them on a clean surface. You can toss them into iced water for a few seconds and they peel better and don’t burn you.

Peel away the skin from the limp, draining vegetables. Core the tomatoes and cut off the tops of the chiles. Leave some seeds, don’t take them all out. If you have unhappy diverticuli, split the roasted chiles under water and the seeds float out at the brush of a thumb.

Add a pinch of salt unless, you know.

My mother's molcajete and stone, purchased 1941.

Transfer the fire-roasted ingredients to the molcajete and begin crushing slowly to avoid splashing. (You can grind seeds in the molcajete first to season automatically; or, add powdered comino seed, coriander seed, black pepper, salt to the crushed chile sauce. This is optional.)

With the wide end of the piedra, crushing and stirring hard, reduce the roasted material to a ragged liquid consistency. Add a squeeze or more lemon. (You can stir in cubed or minced aguacates and fresh cilantro now, optional.)

Provecho! Seal left-overs in a jelly jar and pour over your eggs the next morning.

Note on world’s hottest capsicums. Don’t put "ghost" or "jolokia" chilitos in food because they’re so hot you can’t taste anything for ten or twenty minutes. Habaneros is OK. Chile and salsas need heat to hold the chile-maker’s street cred, but genuinely critical is being so flavorful that la familia always asks you and only you to bring the chile.

¡Hijole! Summer is harvest time for chile, tomatoes, onions, garlic, aguacates. Dare you eat a hot healthy chile de molcajete? Hurry up, please, it's time.



The Gluten-free Chicano Cooks
Chicano Hot Dog

Wrap a warm corn tortilla around a kosher hot dog and you have yourself a weenie taco. Only a small amount of extra effort converts those simple ingredients into a crispy Chicano Hot Dog that you garnish however your tastes take you.

The Gluten-free Chicano is a food nationalist with a soupçon of hegemonism in his claim that anything he cooks is Chicano food. If he makes a baloney sandwich that's a Chicano baloney sandwich. Like the time a woman at an awards dinner asked a Chicano teenager if his family "ate a lot of Mexican food at home?" He answered, "every day."

The Chicano Hot Dog is not by dint of its maker but in the nature of the thing itself. Like a bacon-wrapped weenie grilled by a street vendor, the Chicano Hot Dog is sui generis.


Step one: toast the tortilla de maiz.

Put those burned spots from the open burner on one side of the commercial tortilla. Wrap it around a kosher sausage. If the tort doesn't hold its shape, pin the flap down with a wooden toothpick.

Step two: Get the frying pan sizzlng hot and cook.

Spill a small amount of olive oil to coat a flat pan. Over medium flame, fry until the tortilla has crisped and browned, turning every minute or so. Start with the fold down. Use tongs to hold and turn the taco.


Adding half a teaspoon of bacon grease to the olive oil enhances flavor. The kosher dog is more unlikely to have wheat-based thickeners and extenders, but read the package ingredients to be sure.



Step Three: Chow Down.

Serve with conventional condiments. Here is a mayonnaise dip for a mustard-topped crispy shell, a garlic pickle, and a green onion. Needs some of that molcahete chile, que no?

Provecho!


The First Shall Be First: Oldest Published-By-A-Chicano Bukowski Poem

Last week, La Bloga reported on the landmark Bluebird Reading Series' reading honoring Charles Bukowski. It was one of the best Bluebird Readings yet, LA writers honoring a quintessential LA writer, in LA's essential spot of arte and poetry, Avenue 50 Studio.

More than a favorite of Los Angeles writers, Bukowski develops quick rapport with writers wherever his books land.

In 1990, Carlos Cumpian worked a Tantalus-type job, in Chicago. Selling books at an indie bookseller, Cumpian would ring up Bukowskis with far more regularity than ordinary poets. The uptick of public interest ticked up the clerk's. Bukowski won a new reader, not a new customer. Black Sparrow Press books came with a hefty price tag the minimum wage reader couldn't cover.

Since the clerk couldn't afford to buy his own copies, Carlos Cumpian wrote his own Bukowski-flavored poem. If you can't buy 'em, join 'em.

From what Carlos Cumpian can averiguar, his is the first published Chicano poem about Charles Bukowski. If anyone knows of an earlier piece, please share it by contacting La Bloga via the Comments link at the foot of today’s column, or email.


Barflies Have Feelings Too
By Carlos Cumpian

I once dreamt about
Old Charles
“poetry is like a good shit”
Bukowski.
He wanted a new look,
His mean reflection,
Always getting lost in the
Moon pores and liver lines.
Don’t ask why he called me
At some loop bar,
A place even he wouldn’t visit
to take a piss in.
So while swigging
A cold beer from Wisconsin
And reading the collection
Of business cards
Visible in the joint’s fish bowl,
The phone rings, it’s Bukowski,
Wants me to find the names of
All the plastic surgeons…
Up comes a card that reads:
“Discreet work from head to feet.
World’s Best in all of South America.
VISA and Master Card accepted.”
Only the doctor had a long
German name and a p.o. box
In Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Bukowski said,
“Great, see you when I get back.”
Before I could say, “Adios”
He’s standing in front of me
Showing off the results of his
Trip to the doc,
His nose back peeled and
Pores filled with smooth pellets
Of steel and wax.
It was a most manageable beak,
The nose he wanted at thirty,
He seemed satisfied, only wondered
If it was safe to pick.
To celebrate he pulled from a sack
a bottle of Irish whiskey,
raised a drink to his lips and sipped,
but when he put his booze down,
his old nose was back.
Carlos Cumpián ©1990

Carlos Cumpián is the author of four poetry collections: Coyote Sun, Latino Rainbow, Armadillo Charm, and 14 Abriles: Poems. He has been a contributor to more than two-dozen poetic anthologies, as well as the editor of small press journals and books for March Abrazo Press. Cumpián has taught creative writing and poetry writing through community arts organizations, as well as at Columbia College Chicago. His most recent essay, “Learned to Read at My Momma’s Knee,” appears in With a Book in Their Hands: Chicano/a Readers and Readerships Across the Centuries (University of New Mexico Press, 2014), ed. Manuel M. Martín-Rodriguez. Cumpián resides in Chicago, which boasts the second-largest Mexicano population in the U.S.




Issue 1

La Bloga friend, poet Iris de Anda, sends word of her publication in the premiere number of Angel City Review. Editor Zachary Jensen plans to bring two free issues a year. Jensen's Foreword observes:

When initially starting this project, I questioned if there was really a need for another literary journal. There are tons of them out there already. In fact, you can walk in to most bookstores and find them on the shelves varying from $7 to $24 for the larger collections. The problem, though, is not everyone can afford to shell out even $7 to experience new poetry and fiction. Also, many (but not all) of these journals are inaccessible to new and emerging writers making it difficult for new writers to be heard. With these two problems in mind Angel City Review was born. We are dedicated to providing cutting edge poetry and fiction for free on a twice-yearly basis in eBook format. Our goal is to be inclusive to writers of all backgrounds, whether they went to college, or never took a single creative writing class. There will also never be reader fees. Every issue will be anchored by a few more established names (with this issue being. . . .


Witnessing the beginning of a productive career in literary ephemera is a pleasure. That it's a PDF or eBook is a pleasure for its sustainability while confuting the definition of "ephemera."

Visit Angel City Review's website here to get a free copy. Angel City has begun the reading period for issue two. Find submissions details on the site.




On-line Floricanto At Summertime's Peak 
Betty Sánchez, Jon Hepworth, Paul Aponte, Tom Sheldon, Sandra Barrios Del Mar

The Moderators of the Facebook group Poetry of Resistance, Poets Responding to SB 1070 nominate five poets for La Bloga's July On-line Floricanto.

El Cielo Se Está Cayendo Por Betty Sánchez
2015 – Ojos Que No Ven (Eyes That Do Not See) By Jon Hepworth
The Drumming By Paul Aponte
Beyond Language By Tom Sheldon
No Al Racismo Contra Los Inmigrantes Por Sandra Barrios Del Mar


El Cielo Se Está Cayendo 
Por Betty Sánchez

El cielo se está cayendo
Nadie parece notarlo

Hillary lanza campaña
Para ser la presidenta
Promete darnos papeles
Si le brindamos el voto
Candidatos nuevos
Promesas viejas
Nada cambia

El clima global
Altera ecosistemas
Altas temperaturas
Causan un índice
Mas alto de evaporación
Y por consiguiente sequías

Restricciones de agua
En California
Las cosechas perecen
Los empleos desaparecen
¿A quién le importa?
Importaremos
Frutas y vegetales del Sur
Ahorrar agua
No es nuestra prioridad
Darme una ducha
De media hora
Es mi derecho
El no regar mi jardín
O dejar de lavar mi coche
No solucionará el problema

La población de Siria
Se ha reducido
Un quince por ciento
En cuatro años
De conflicto armado

España se hunde
En un pozo de pobreza
Desigualdad y desempleo

No hay un plan definido
Para evitar
El tráfico de humanos

Mas de doscientos cincuenta
Inmigrantes inician
Huelga de hambre
En un centro de detención
En Eloy Arizona
Por las condiciones inhumanas
Y el trato injusto que reciben

La brutalidad policiaca
Aumenta en el país

La violencia en México
Es una realidad cotidiana

Las muertes en las fronteras
Ya no hacen noticia
De primera plana

La depresión
Y el suicidio infantil
Se aceptan
Como un mal de sociedad

La obesidad
Es cuestión personal

Los sucesos del mundo
Están a nuestro alcance
Con un click

Aunque la poesía no vende
Seguimos escribiendo

El cielo se está cayendo
Nadie parece notarlo

Mientras tanto
La Copa América
Chile esta en todo
Su apogeo.
Betty Sánchez
14 de Junio de 2015

Betty Sánchez, residente de California, Sus poemas se han publicado en Voces del Nuevo Sol, Mujeres de Maíz, Zine 10 y 13, La Palabra, La Bloga, y próximanente en la antología POETRY OF RESISTANCE: VOICES FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE,




2015 – Ojos Que No Ven (Eyes That Do Not See)
By Jon Hepworth

No, I am not OK.
I am wounded.
I am broken.
I have eyes that do not see.

Today, I privilege my existence
with love given to me in great abundance.
Today, I luxuriate in $100 cleated bicycle shoes.
Today, I fondle an erect penis at the Lone Star.
But no, I am not OK
Because, I have eyes that do not see.

On an alley near 9th Street is a homeless man.
He holds an unshielded point or “short” insulin syringe
containing 65 units of blood saturated drug
In his left hand,
as I place a $1 bill into his right hand.

This man is homeless
because of me
because I failed to act as human
because I failed to see that he is my brother in need.

Am I in a dream?
Am I sleepwalking?
I am scared that Francisco Alarcon’s “Mariposas Sin Fronteras” will awaken me.
I am scared to admit that my hands are stained in blood.
I am an accomplice in this American conspiracy that allows humans to live without homes.

I prefer to sleepwalk with everyone else.
I prefer to look away from our crime of abandonment.
I prefer to shelter myself in denial because
I have eyes that do not see.



Jon Hepworth,MPH is an IT Analyst at the San Francisco Department of Public Health. Jon has written human rights/social justice oriented poetry and commentary mostly in a private sphere since 1989. He has a Master’s degree in Public Health from UCLA and a Bachelor’s Degree in Biology from UC Santa Cruz. Originally from Oakland, Jon has also lived in Los Angeles and Mexico City. At present, Jon lives in San Francisco.





The Drumming
By Paul Aponte

The drums keep their sounds
You may be gone
Slipped into the deep oceans of time
But the beats are still heard
The cathartic drumming
The energy raising thumps echoing in our chests
The happy rhythms of your creation
The percussive varied instruments melodiously instilling love
The compositions that brought visual still beauty that seemed to move to the beats you captured
The elevated, spiritual, reverberations still alive

The sounds of unity and bravery you left us all with.


Paul Aponte is a Chicano poet from Sacramento, California. Paul, is a prolific writer and member of "Escritores del Nuevo Sol", and can be seen reading at various venues throughout the SF Bay and Sacramento areas. He is the author of the book of poetry "Expression Obsession" , and has been published in "La Bloga" and in other publications. Many of his poems can be found on his Facebook "Notes" under the pseudonym Wolf Fox.




Beyond language
By Tom Sheldon

Sprawled on our mother in slumber
beneath a salt studded indigo sky
at the mercy of the midnight mind
dreaming of sunshine
and the morning to come




My name is Tom Sheldon and I was born and raised in New Mexico and come from a large Hispanic family. I have always loved and appreciated the gift of creating in various forms. Southwestern themes and landscapes are among my favorites and the wonder and beauty of the the history here and my surroundings continually inspire my artwork. Thank you greatly for considering my words. Mil gracias



NO AL RACISMO CONTRA LOS INMIGRANTES
Por Sandra Barrios del Mar

Estimado racista este es nuestro continente...

La fruta que llega a tu mesa
es abonada con la sangre
de los inmigrantes…

La ropa que luces es confeccionada
por las manos de color...

Tus hijos son cuidados por nanas latinas...
belgas, coreanas o chinas...
que les entregan su corazón....
de noche y de día…
mientras sus propios hijos...
lejos de ellas...
viven en melancolía.

Las oficinas, escuelas, hospitales,
mansiones, edificios, casas...
calles, banquetas,
marquetas, restaurantes son limpiados...
con afán y esmeros…

Los cristales de los rascacielos
brillan...
aunque los que los limpian
Sus vidas cuelgen en lasorillas...

Los aviones que usas
son higienizados...
por las manos de color.

No juegues con el dolor
de nuestra clase trabajadora
que solo quiere vivir y trabajar en paz...

Los campos florecen
bajo la irrigación de su arduo sudor...
Las fábricas rugen ...
Y grandes ganancias producen
Muchos inmigrantes mueren
en los campos de California
y Arizona...

Bajo la inhóspita insolación...
otros mueren en los desiertos...
devorados por los coyotes...
y abandonados a la merced...
Del hambre, fío y sed...

¿Qué coyotes son los más voraces
Los de cuatro o dos patas ?
Es cruel que los sueños...
sean mutilados...
sean secuestrados...
y llegue al otro lado del muro
algunos órganos...
para ser vendidos al mejor postor...
r a c i s t a...

Recuerda que llegaste del otro lado
del Atlántico.

No a la deportación...
De nuestro continente!...

Tus patéticos tratados de comercio...
Tu patética presencia en los patrocinios de guerras...
La explotación desmedidas de las transnacionales...
De nuestras tierras
mos obligan...
a emigrar...
¿Por qué me obligas abandonar
Mi hogar?...

¿Por qué me incriminas?
En mi tierra...
en mi continente...
Solo luchamos por el amor
a nuestra gente...
Respeto a la dignidad
de la clase trabajadora.
Los inmigrantes somos
humanos !!!!
Autora: Sandra Barrios del Mar
Todos los derechos reservados sonde mi autoría.


Sandra Barrios del Mar was born in the port of La Union, El Salvador. She graduated with a teaching degree in 1987 and got a degree in special education in 1998. She migrated to the United States to save the life of her beloved daughter in 2003 because her daughter was born with a disability that needed medical attention. Sandra is a poet and a human rights activist for immigrants. In 2007 she graduated as a community educator. She is work on creating a program that helps women who are in prison for the sole crime of immigrating to the U.S.A to escape violence in their country of origin. She raises her voice for those who can’t and helps bring justice to those who are vulnerable.

Monday, July 20, 2015

Trump's anti-immigrant comments help Democrats


By Alvaro Huerta

As a scholar and proud Latino of Mexican descent, I'm appalled, but not surprised, by Donald Trump's disparagement of Mexican immigrants.

In announcing his bid for the White House, Trump didn't mince his words: "When Mexico sends its people, they're not sending their best. ... They're sending people that have lots of problems. ... They're bringing drugs. They're bringing crime. They're rapists. And some, I assume, are good people."

I will not try to counter these baseless remarks. In doing so, I will fall into the trap that Trump sets up, like provocateur extraordinaire Ann Coulter. It's not about logic or reason. It's about branding and self-marketing.

Trump and Coulter are very intelligent. By dismissing them, critics ignore one simple point: When they make ridiculous or bombastic comments, Trump and Coulter know exactly what they're doing. They're grabbing national headlines. Free of cost.

Since he's entered the crowded Republican presidential race, Trump has become a major liability for his party. Due to his remarks and his feuding with the influential Spanish-language network Univision, among other Latino groups and individuals, Trump has taken the spotlight from his Republican opponents. Instead of attacking the likely Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, the GOP contenders have been relegated to spectators on "The Trump Show."

Trump's comments will not only tarnish his image among the more than 54 million Latinos, the majority of Mexican ancestry, but his hurtful words will also continue to sully the already damaged Republican brand among this country's largest minority group. This is a lesson that 2012 GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney learned the hard way when his advice to undocumented immigrants to "self-deport" didn't go down too well. Given that Republican leaders haven't adequately condemned Trump's statements, the party's weak response speaks volumes to Latinos.

If Democrats want to win the White House in 2016, they should not only denounce Trump's remarks, but secretly hope that he secures the Republican nomination. Then Democrats can cross their fingers that Trump selects Ann Coulter as his running mate.




[Alvaro Huerta is an assistant professor of urban and regional planning and ethnic and women's studies at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. He is the author of Reframing the Latino Immigration Debate: Towards a Humanistic Paradigm (San Diego State University Press). He wrote this for Progressive Media Project, a source of liberal commentary on domestic and international issues; it is affiliated with The Progressive magazine.]

Sunday, July 19, 2015

A Mexican American Diary from WWI Just Published!



We welcome Barbara Renaud Gonzalez (see her BIO below) as a guest on La Bloga today. She brings us a book review of:  
The World War I Diary of José de la Luz Sáenz.  
Texas A& M University Press, 2014
Originally published in 1933

A century ago, a great uncle of mine, born and raised on the King Ranch, brincó el río, to avoid getting drafted into the war:  WWI.  My tío apparently had witnessed his father, my great-grandfather, killed in cold blood, and decided he was not going to defend a country that didn’t value Tejanos:  The Mexican Texans. 

José de la Luz Sáenz looked at all this differently.  He was a Tejano and a teacher of Mexican-American children and enlisted for military duty toward the end of the war, in 1917.  Sáenz signed on to World War I believing that if he and other Mexicanos made the “ultimate sacrifice,” then surely we could claim equal rights for ourselves and our children. 

He wrote down this dream, this fever, this ambition, repeatedly, in a diary, keeping a record of his sixteen months in the 360th Infantry Regiment of the 90th Division of the U.S. Army.  The diary begins with his enlistment and ends in a last entry where he announces his release from the military. 

The diary was published (funded by benefactors) in 1933 by the San Antonio-based Artes Gráficas at the cost of $4.00.  The cloth-covered, 298-page book was titled, Los Mexico-Americanos en la Gran Guerra y Su Continente en pro de la Democracia, la Humanidad y la Justicia. 

In writing down his experiences for sixteen months, Sáenz found his place in Mexican-American history, over a half-century after it was first published.  If ever there was a reason for our mothers, fathers, and comadres to write down their stories, this is it.  The bilingual Sáenz wrote in Spanish—and not just any Spanish, but the ornate Spanish of our grandfathers, a Spanish of silk, tissue-paper, and old-world protocols.  Language is fluid, as my writer friends know, and the Spanish of that time is not the Tex-Mex of today with its swirly vocabulary – a multicultural graffiti to be reckoned with.  All this makes the translation of such a book a masterpiece all by itself. 

“I am aware of the pivotal role I play as a translator and editor,” writes Emilio Zamora, Professor of History at The University of Texas/Austin.  Professor Zamora has had to translate a young man’s conflicted idealism about the war which makes for a deeply layered narrative. 

“I have translated the diary because I recognize Sáenz’s masterful critique of these inequalities, his bold reconfiguration of the Mexican cause, and his sensitive treatment of Mexican people and their veterans.  I also admire his expansive and far-reaching statements about a shared Mexican history and culture and his ability to speak prophetically about a Mexican cause that continues to draw on The United States’ foundational principles to justify itself.” 

The diary begins on February 25th, 1917, when Sáenz reports to the “local board in New Braunfels.”  He writes every day for sixteen months, until his return from serving in France and Germany on June 17th, 1919. 

Sáenz was born in Realitos, Texas, near San Diego, Texas, in 1888.  He was eight years old when his mother died. He attended public school in Alice. An exemplary student, Sáenz also completed studies in two independently operated community schools, taught by local intellectuals.  At the time, private learning institutions were present in some communities to supplement the official curriculum because “the public schools either misrepresented or entirely excluded Mexican history and culture, even in places like South Texas,” says Zamora.  His mother, Cristina Hernandez, was descended from The Canary Islands.  His father’s family traced its lineage from the Aztecs who escaped the violence of the Spanish Conquest in 1519. Sáenz benefitted from a rich knowledge of his Mexican history, referencing Benito Juarez, the French occupation of Mexico (1861-1867), the Mexican War for Independence, the Alamo, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 

As noted, Sáenz had been teaching Mexican schoolchildren in the segregated area of South Texas.  He was married and had two children.  But he wanted to prove his American love of democracy while still claiming his Mexican heritage.  He was about twenty-nine years old.

For Sáenz, a patriot, World War I was also an opportunity and a journey.  A man of his talents surely dreamed of so much more that he was already.  From Camp Travis, one senses the wonder of a huge military camp in a city he’d never lived in before, on the brink of his departure to a global war zone.  

While in the army, Sáenz applied for Officer’s School.  His application was denied.  Later, he learned French and some German. He began translating newspapers and telegrams to his superiors during the war, working in the Intelligence Office.  In his spare time, he taught his fellow Mexican Americans how to read and write.  Many were illiterate, yet this did not deter the U.S. from conscripting them. 

Sáenz’s writing is often mundane, the naiveté of a young man, the imbibed language of the patriot, and yet it seems that in the sheer process of writing, his ghosts want to speak, and then the historical allusions appear, along with the questions rising from his sublime consciousness.  Here’s a good example: 

Saturday, August 24 (1918)

I started cleaning the typewriter after breakfast.  I can see that I will now use this weapon to battle the subjects of William II . . . The German shells do not understand French or Spanish, but they have shown how one man’s failure required a replacement and the officers thought of me.  Studying won out . . . The risk is everwhere on the front, but I came to fill a position that is more difficult than carrying a rifle.  Millions carry rifles but few can make the typewriter keys click and send orders in Spanish, English, or French.  I say this with confidence.  My buddies look to me in the evenings so that I can tell them the news from around the world.  This includes some of our soldiers of German descent. 

The climax of his diary is witnessing the fall of Germany while he is fighting in Villers-devant-Dun, France, and being alive after so much death around him on Armistice Day, November 11, 1918. 

Then in January of 1919, while in occupied Germany, Sáenz applies to French and English universities, only to be denied—ostensibly because he is only a private.  Instead, he asks for an assignment to teach English to his fellow Mexican soldiers:

Tuesday, January 14, 1919

I accepted the responsibility of teaching my own because no one is interested in them.  This reminded me of a newspaper notice that appeared before the war, that soldiers who did not know how to read or write would not be sent to the trenches.  Clearly, bullets do not respect proclamations.

His family writes him.  A brother is sick with the flu.  His brother Eugenio dies.  The 1918 flu pandemic was an unusually deadly illness, infecting 500 million people across the world, killing three to five percent of the world’s population, making the pandemic one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history.  But WWI soldiers were not informed because their superiors wanted to keep up their morale.  Later, his wife writes him to say she has been ill too.  But he cannot leave, as he has no employment back in the states. Soldiers will have no employment once they return from war.  He tells his sister not to try to have him discharged. 

Sáenz visits Paris and dreams of seeing Rome.  He makes friends with the local priests, teachers, and even German villagers who are willing to talk with him.  He meets Oklahoman Indians who do not speak Spanish, but share a common hope for a better life.  Yet, he evinces the standard prejudices against Blacks, Jews, Gypsies—people he does not really know. 

Sáenz returned to a hero’s welcome in Boston and was honorably discharged from Camp Travis in San Antonio, Texas on June 21, 1919. 

Zeltingen,  Germany
April 11, 1919

I am intrigued by the possibility that this place may have originated racial prejudice, the fuse that will no doubt set the globe on fire during the next world war.  They tell their children of their racial superiority over all the other races on each much like they would teach the ABC’s. 


BIO

Barbara Renaud Gonzalez is the author of Golondrina, Why Did You Leave Me?, the first Chicana novel published by The University of Texas Press, 2009.  She has also published an interactive children’s book on the life of voting rights pioneer, Willie Velasquez. The book is entitled, The Boy Made of Lightning (Alazan Arts Letters and Stories, AALAS, 2013).